PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM NEGARA: PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

Abstract

Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine the attitude of Islamic law towards the protection of human rights (HAM) within the framework of national and state life. The importance of understanding how the basic principles of Islam, as a comprehensive religion, are in line with contemporary human rights enforcement initiatives is what drives this study. Using a qualitative approach and library research methodology, this study compares national and international human rights legal instruments with Islamic legal sources, including the Qur'an, Hadith, and the views of classical and modern scholars. The findings of the analysis indicate that Islam has placed a strong emphasis on defending the basic principles of human rights—life, property, mind, religion, and lineage. Islamic norms encourage the protection of human rights, as demonstrated by the principles of justice (al-'adl), welfare (maslahah), and equality before the law. Aligning Islamic principles with the positive legal system remains difficult in practice in many countries, especially in terms of women's rights, freedom of expression, and freedom of religion. This study comes to the conclusion that Islamic law can significantly enhance the protection of human rights in contemporary governance without losing its religious identity if it adopts a contextual approach and progressive ijtihad.