Pidana Mati atas Permufakatan Jahat dalam Kejahatan Narkotika: Analisis Putusan PN Medan No. 1957/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Mdn
Abstract
Criminal conspiracy (samenspanning) in narcotics offenses has become a crucial issue in Indonesian criminal law, particularly when punishable by death penalty. The case of District Court of Medan Decision No. 1957/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Mdn illustrates how the court interpreted the involvement of defendants in an international narcotics network, even though the crime had not yet been fully carried out. This article aims to analyze the juridical grounds for imposing the death penalty in narcotics conspiracy cases and to assess its conformity with justice, legal certainty, and human rights protection. The research applies a normative juridical method through case study analysis, combined with doctrinal review and statutory approaches. Findings indicate that death penalty in narcotics conspiracy often triggers debates between the effectiveness of narcotics eradication and the protection of the right to life, suggesting the need for harmonization between positive law, criminal policy, and international human rights principles.
References
Ahmad Sofian. “Pidana Mati dalam Kasus Narkotika di Indonesia: Antara Efektivitas dan Simbolisme.” Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 6, no. 1 (2017): 45–63.
Amartya Sen. Justice and Human Rights. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2011.
Andi Hamzah. Asas-Asas Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2017.
Andrew Ashworth. Sentencing and Criminal Justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
Barda Nawawi Arief. Bunga Rampai Kebijakan Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Kencana, 2012.
———. Masalah Pidana Mati: Perspektif Teori dan Praktik. Semarang: Pustaka Magister, 2010.
David Garland. The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001.
Douglas Farah. “Drug Trafficking and Transnational Networks.” Journal of International Security 12, no. 4 (2016): 217–239.
Douglas Husak. “Why Punish the Deserving?” Journal of Philosophy of Law 11, no. 2 (2018): 221–239.
Hendrianto. “Permufakatan Jahat Narkotika dan Pidana Mati: Sebuah Kritik.” Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia 15, no. 2 (2018): 201–220.
Human Rights Committee. Concluding Observations on Indonesia. Geneva: United Nations, 2013.
Jeroen ten Voorde. “Conspiracy and Criminal Law in the Netherlands.” European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 22, no. 3 (2014): 229–246.
Komnas HAM. Laporan Survei Opini Publik tentang Hukuman Mati di Indonesia. Jakarta: Komnas HAM, 2019.
Lilik Mulyadi. Tindak Pidana Khusus: Narkotika dan Psikotropika. Bandung: Alumni, 2010.
Moeljatno. Asas-Asas Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2015.
Muladi. Politik Hukum Pidana dalam Penanggulangan Kejahatan. Bandung: Alumni, 1995.
Muladi, dan Barda Nawawi Arief. Teori-Teori Kebijakan Pidana. Bandung: Alumni, 1998.
Nurhayati. “Analisis Putusan Hakim dalam Kasus Permufakatan Jahat Narkotika.” Jurnal Rechtsvinding 9, no. 3 (2020): 301–319.
Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 2-3/PUU-V/2007.
Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Medan Nomor 1957/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Mdn.
Roger Hood, and Carolyn Hoyle. The Death Penalty: A Worldwide Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.
Satjipto Rahardjo. Ilmu Hukum. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2000.
Sefriani. HAM dalam Hukum Internasional. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2016.
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 12 Tahun 2005 tentang Pengesahan International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR).
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). World Drug Report 2023. Vienna: United Nations, 2023.
Wayne R. LaFave. Substantive Criminal Law. Vol. 2. St. Paul: West Academic, 2017.
