Kaidah Fiqhiyyah Yang Berkaitan Dengan Masalah ‘Iddah

Authors

  • KHAIRATUN NISA UIN Sumatera Utara
  • MUHAMMAD AMAR ADLY
  • HERI FIRMANSYAH

Keywords:

‘Iddah, Kaidah Fiqhiyyah, Divorce, Woman

Abstract

The ‘iddah period in Islamic family law serves as an essential safeguard for lineage, the dignity of women, and post-marital social stability. Qaidah Fiqhiyyah provide a normative foundation that elucidates the wisdom and objectives underlying the establishment of ‘iddah. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources, including classical and contemporary fiqh literature as well as Indonesian Islamic legal regulations. Two qaidah fiqhiyyah related to the issue of ‘iddah are discussed in this study. These qaidahs have been interpreted by scholars from the four major Islamic schools of thought, reflecting diverse perspectives that ultimately converge on a shared objective: the protection of women's rights. The ‘iddah period is not merely a ritual obligation, but a legal mechanism that realizes the objectives of Islamic law (maqāid al-sharī‘ah), particularly in preserving lineage and providing space for reflection and reconciliation. Understanding these principles is crucial for strengthening a just and compassionate Islamic family law system in the modern era.

References

Abu Zahrah, Muhammad. al-Ahwal al-Shakhsiyyah. Kairo: Dar al-Fikr al-‘Arabi, 1957.

Ahmad Zaini dan Burhanuddin, “Reinterpretasi Kemajuan Teknologi Medis terhadap Ketentuan Masa ‘Iddah dalam Hukum Islam,” SAMAWA: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 5, no. 1 (2025)

al-Kāsānī, ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn. Badā’iʿ al-Ṣanā’iʿ fī Tartīb al-Sharā’iʿ, vol. 6. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 2004.

al-Kasani, Alauddin Abu Bakr. Badā’i‘ as-Sanā’i‘ fī Tartīb as-Sharā’i‘, Jil. 3. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1986.

al-Nawawi, Yaḥyā ibn Sharaf. al-Majmū‘ Sharḥ al-Muhadhdhab, vol. 8. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1996.

———. al-Majmū‘ Sharḥ al-Muhadhdhab, Jil. 18. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1997.

al-Shinqīṭī, Muhammad. Adwa’ al-Bayan fi Idhah al-Qur'an, vol. 6. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 2006.

Baharun, Hasan, and Syafiqiyah Adhimiy. “Limitasi Keluar Rumah Bagi Perempuan ‘Iddah Wafat Dalam Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah.” Al-’Adalah 15, no. 1 (2018): 151. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v15i1.2161.

Cindy Eka Ananda Pangestu dkk., “Implementasi Masa Idah Talak Raj’i: Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Cigudeg Bogor,” Al-Usariyah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 2, no. 3 (2024)

Ibn Abī Shaibah. al-Musannaf, vol. 4. Beirut: Dār al-Ma‘rifah, 1997.

Ibn Qudāmah. al-Mughnī, vol. 7. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 2004.

Ibn Qudamah. al-Mughni, Jil. 7. Kairo: Maktabah al-Qāhirah, 1968.

———. al-Mughni, Jilid 9. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1997.

Malik ibn Anas. al-Muwaṭṭaʾ. Edited by Muhammad Fu’ad ‘Abd al-Baqi. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi, 1985.

———. al-Muwaṭṭaʾ, vol. 1. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 2002.

Nata, Abuddin. Etika Seksual dalam Islam. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada, 2003.

Rofiq, Ahmad. Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada, 2003.

Syarifuddin, Amir. Hukum Perkawinan Islam di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kencana, 2006.

Departemen Agama Republik Indonesia. Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Bimbingan Masyarakat Islam, 1991.

———. Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahannya. Jakarta: Lajnah Pentashihan Mushaf Al-Qur’an, 2005.

Laili Hidayatul Maghfiroh dan Nur Faizah, “Pemenuhan Nafkah ‘Iddah dalam Perundangan Islam: Hak Perempuan Pasca Perceraian,” MASADIR: Jurnal Hukum Islam 4, no. 01 (2024)

maria ulfa. “Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Penggunaan Tespack Sebagai Pengganti Masa ’Iddah.” Integration of Climate Protection and Cultural Heritage: Aspects in Policy and Development Plans. Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg 26, no. 4 (2013): 1–37.

Rezky, Ria. “Iddah (Tinjauan Fiqih Keluarga Muslim).” Jurnal Al-Mau’izhah 1, no. 1 (2018): 17.

Zuhaili, Wahbah. al-Fiqh al-Islāmī wa Adillatuh, Jil. 9. Damaskus: Dār al-Fikr, 1989.

———. al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillatuhu, Jilid 7. Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr, 1984.

Downloads

Published

2025-01-04

Issue

Section

Articles